Thursday, September 3, 2020

3 Top Tips for a Stand-Out Cornell Essay

3 Top Tips for a Stand-Out Cornell Essay SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Cornell concedes just shy of 12.5% of their all out candidate pool each year. So as to be one of them, you have to compose astonishing Cornell papers as a major aspect of your Cornell University application. In this article, we’ll layout the various sorts of expositions you have to compose for your Cornell University application and show you how to compose a Cornell supplement paper that will assist you with standing apart from the a great many different candidates. What Are the Cornell Essay Prompts? You just need to answer one Cornell supplement exposition fast as a feature of your application. Yahoo! Don’t get excessively energized however, on the grounds that this one paper conveys a great deal of weight. As far as possible is on the more drawn out side (650 words) and the theme relies upon which school you’re applying to. Cornell University comprises of numerous littler schools, each with their own necessary Cornell supplement article model. Your Cornell article brief will relate to the school that you intend to learn at, so give your future as a Cornell understudy some idea before you begin composing. Make certain to expound regarding the matter or region of study that you are at present keen on, regardless of whether that may change when you get to school. Likewise with all school affirmations papers, legitimacy is vital. You may have heap academic interests, yet for this article, stay with what you know best and are generally enthusiastic about. Your potential point must relate with the regions of study at the school, as well. The Cornell paper prompts give abundant space for you to communicate and uncover a progressively complete representation of who you are as an understudy and human just due to as far as possible. You can say a ton in 650 words - so exploit it! Need to get into Cornell or your own top decision school? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best confirmations counseling administration. We join world-class confirmations guides with our information driven, restrictive affirmations methodologies. We've supervised a huge number of understudies get into their top decision schools, from state universities to the Ivy League. Become familiar with PrepScholar Admissions to expand your opportunity of getting in. 2018-19 Cornell Supplement Essay Questions Here are the expositions and guidelines as appeared on the Cornell University affirmations site: School Interest Essays The essential focal point of your school intrigue exposition ought to be what you expect to learn at Cornell. In the online Common Application Writing Supplement, if you don't mind react to the exposition question underneath (limit of 650 words) that relates to the undergrad school or school to which you are applying. School of Agriculture and Life Sciences: Why are you attracted to contemplating the significant you have chosen? If it's not too much trouble talk about how your inclinations and related encounters have impacted your decision. In particular, by what method will instruction from the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS) and Cornell University assist you with accomplishing your scholarly goals?†¯ School of Architecture, Art, and Planning: What is your â€Å"thing†? What empowers you or draws in you so profoundly that you forget about time? Everybody has various interests, fixations, peculiarities, motivations. What are yours?† School of Arts and Sciences: Students in Arts and Sciences grasp the chance to dig into their scholarly advantages, find new domains of scholarly request, and graph their own way through the College. Reveal to us why the profundity, expansiveness, and adaptability of our educational program are obviously fit to investigating the territories of study that energize you. Cornell SC Johnson College of Business: Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management: Affiliated with both the Cornell SC Johnson College of Business and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management is one of a kind by structure. Disclose how our way to deal with business instruction is an ideal choice for you, and how your inclinations, encounters or objectives will add to the extraordinary creation of the entering class. Cornell SC Johnson College of Business: School of Hotel Administration (SHA): The worldwide friendliness industry incorporates inn and foodservice the board, land, fund, enterprise, advertising, innovation, and law. Depict what has affected your choice to consider business through the perspective of neighborliness. What individual characteristics make you a solid match for SHA? School of Engineering: Cornell Engineering celebrates imaginative critical thinking that helps individuals, communities†¦ the world. Think about your thoughts and goals and portray how a Cornell Engineering instruction would permit you to use mechanical critical thinking to improve the world we live in. School of Human Ecology: How have your encounters affected your choice to apply to the College of Human Ecology? In what manner will your decision of significant effect your objectives and plans for what's to come? School of Industrial and Labor Relations: Tell us about your scholarly advantages, how they sprung from your course, administration, work or beneficial encounters, and what makes them energizing to you. Depict how ILR is the correct school for you to seek after these interests. Cornell Supplement Essays Analyzed In this segment, we’ll investigate every Cornell supplemental paper brief top to bottom. Keep in mind, you may just answer one brief for your application. We'll additionally give tips for how to best move toward responding to the individual paper questions. A few hints will apply to the entirety of the inquiries, however we will feature the significant contrasts for each program. School of Agriculture and Life Sciences For what reason would you say you are attracted to examining the significant you have chosen? It would be ideal if you talk about how your inclinations and related encounters have affected your decision. In particular, in what capacity will instruction from the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS) and Cornell University assist you with accomplishing your scholarly goals?†¯ The College of Agriculture and Life Sciences solicits you to have a thought from your major as you apply. In your article, you ought to focus on one significant and be explicit regarding why it's critical to you. Pick a subject of veritable enthusiasm to you and that you have an individual association with, regardless of whether that individual association comprises exclusively of articles you’ve read and narratives you’ve seen. Do your exploration about the theme and the school. Commit some an ideal opportunity to finding out about the Cornell College of Agriculture - its history, its present staff and its striking graduated class. Is there anybody from your exploration who you can identify with? Who you consider as motivating? Are there educators whom you are anticipating working with? Incline toward the school’s notoriety and pick something explicit to expound on that has an individual association with you. For instance, rather than expounding on homesteading patterns the nation over, expound on a nearby ranch in your general vicinity that you visited as a kid or how you got keen on food science. You could likewise expound on your own association with a particular undertaking of a teacher who instructs in the Cornell School of Agriculture and Life Sciences. School of Architecture, Art, and Planning What is your â€Å"thing†? What invigorates you or draws in you so profoundly that you forget about time? Everybody has various interests, fixations, peculiarities, motivations. What are yours? The exposition from the College of Architecture, Art, and Planning offers a pleasant article subject... so play around with it! You don't need to feel restricted to simply scholastics interests here. Consider what you find out about or connect with independently, not on the grounds that you're required to. As such, when you tumble down an Internet hare opening, what are you frequently exploring? Don't hesitate to pull models from mainstream society, history, science, math... anything! Keep in mind, the brief gets some information about interests, just as peculiarities. Try not to feel humiliated! Offer something individual about yourself. Possibly you love watching old film or make your own spring up cards for your family. Possibly you watch many long periods of recordings from YouTube picture takers. Possibly you visit the City Hall of whatever new town you visit. Whatever you pick, ensure you expand on why you're keen on it and how its influenced your life. School of Arts and Sciences Understudies in Arts and Sciences grasp the chance to dig into their scholastic advantages, find new domains of scholarly request, and graph their own way through the College. Reveal to us why the profundity, broadness, and adaptability of our educational program are obviously fit to investigating the territories of study that energize you. The College of Arts and Sciences is the least explicit school of study at Cornell University, and the affirmations article mirrors that. In the event that you realize you love to learn, yet aren’t sure what your profession will resemble after school, it’s likely you’ll be applying here. Don’t be tricked! Because the inquiry is wide, you don’t need to compose a wide article accordingly. Don’t feel like you need to show an enthusiasm for both Russian writing and sub-atomic science. Or maybe, depict your genuine scholarly interests with genuineness and earnestness. You don’t must have immense desires or an extravagant explanation behind your scholarly interests. Remain consistent with yourself. On the off chance that you’re intrigued by Elizabethan history on account of some chronicled fiction books you read as a youngster, that’s fine! You can absolutely say that. Simply make certain to tie it back to how Cornell’s scholastics let you study your energy. On the off chance that you believe you have numerous territories of study that you are enthusiastic about, you may expound on them - however don’t expound on more than a few and no more. Something else, your exposition will feel progressively like a rundown, as opposed to a top to bottom investigation of your real int

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Critical Review of Philosophical Paradigms Research Paper

Basic Review of Philosophical Paradigms - Research Paper Example During the 1970s and 1980s, the blended techniques approach set off a worldview war (Tashakkori and Teddlie, 2009). A considerable lot of the analysts engaged with the war tried to make due with a set up justification that would fit the blend of quantitative and subjective strategies in blended techniques inquire about. The primary test of accomplishing this was the way that a significant number of the current standards overseeing both subjective and quantitative procedures appeared to be contradictory to be applied in a solitary report (Creswell and Plano, 2011). This paper will introduce a basic audit of research ideal models utilized in blended techniques. Postpositivism is one of the regular philosophical ideal models created to help quantitative investigations. Numerous postpositivists accept that reality exists, despite the fact that it shows itself in various arrangements of probabilities. Postpositivism features that scientists ought to keep up a different good ways from members in an exploration. For the most part, the specialists are untouchables (Christ, 2013). The explanation behind keeping up separation between the member and analyst is to guarantee that the investigation shows a significant level of objectivity (Creswell and Plano, 2011). Specialists utilizing postpositivism as a favored worldview look to increase exact and solid information from the members while diminishing any type of predisposition. So as to limit predisposition of any structure, scientists favor not to let their qualities or encounters impact the examination in any capacity (Tashakkori and Teddlie, 2009). Postpositivism applies a deductive methodology, which implies that scientists look to complete a thorough trial of monastery hypotheses. Outstandingly, the postpositivism approach might be utilized in the quantitative methodology in a blended strategy examine. This is particularly the situation when a blended techniques approach includes a quantitative examination and a subjective investigation. Postpositivism is appropriate in blended techniques explore if analysts settle on the numerous worldview approach. In

Friday, August 21, 2020

Turning a New Leaf Essay Example

Turning a New Leaf Essay Turning A New Leaf 1-turning another leaf is an expression used to show that an individual has changed by beginning new. This applies to Dick since he turned another leaf by finding a new line of work and he quit drinking. Julia turned another leaf by getting substantially more develop during the story. Julia satisfies the expression since she really gets increasingly develop instead of Dick who kind of lost it toward the end. I would state that Julia is the hero in the story. 5-In the story Phil is enamored with Julia however she dismisses him from the start since she used to have an elevated requirement for young men that nobody could get together to. In the story Phil is continually paying special mind to Julia and attempting to ensure her. Toward the finish of the story she at long last comes around and understands that Phil is an extraordinary person and that is the reason she weds him. 1-turning another leaf is an expression used to show that an individual has changed by beginning new. This applies to Dick since he turned another leaf by finding a new line of work and he quit drinking. Julia turned another leaf by getting significantly more develop during the story. Julia satisfies the expression since she really gets increasingly develop rather than Dick who kind of lost it toward the end. We will compose a custom exposition test on Turning a New Leaf explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Turning a New Leaf explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Turning a New Leaf explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer I would state that Julia is the hero in the story. 5-In the story Phil is enamored with Julia yet she dismisses him from the outset since she used to have an exclusive requirement for young men that nobody could get together to. In the story Phil is continually paying special mind to Julia and attempting to ensure her. Toward the finish of the story she at last comes around and understands that Phil is an incredible person and that is the reason she weds him. 1-turning another leaf is an expression used to show that an individual has changed by beginning new. This applies to Dick since he turned another leaf by finding a new line of work and he quit drinking. Julia turned another leaf by getting considerably more develop during the story. Julia satisfies the expression since she really gets increasingly develop instead of Dick who kind of lost it toward the end. I would state that Julia is the hero in the story. 5-In the story Phil is infatuated with Julia yet she dismisses him from the start since she used to have an elevated requirement for young men that nobody could get together to. In the story Phil is continually paying special mind to Julia and attempting to ensure her. Toward the finish of the story she at last comes around and understands that Phil is an incredible person and that is the reason she weds him.

Saturday, June 6, 2020

Study Of Foreign Exchange Management Of Toyota Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

As Toyota is a multinational corporation, Toyota has faced foreign currency exposures related to buying, selling and financing in currencies in different foreign countries. The foreign currency risk which exposed by is related to future earnings, assets and liabilities. The reasons are due to operating cash flows and various other financial instruments which are denominated in foreign currencies. Due to Toyota most profitable market is still in America and Euro countries, U.S. dollar and the euro are the impact of the foreign exchange risk. Market Risk Disclosures Toyota employs derivatives financial instruments, including forward contracts and foreign currency options to manage its exposure to fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates. They monitors and manages these financial exposures as an integral part of its overall risk management program which recognizes the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to reduce the potentially adverse effects on Toyotas operating results. Toyotas portfolio of derivative financial instruments consists of forward foreign currency exchange contracts, foreign currency options, interest rate swaps, interest rate currency swap agreements and interest rate options to manage their global risk. Value-at-risk analysis (VAR) Toyota uses a value-at-risk analysis (VAR) to evaluate its exposure to changes in foreign exchange currency rates. The value-at-risk of the combined foreign exchange position represents a potential loss in pre-tax earnings. The value-at-risk was estimated by using a variance/ covariance model and assumed a 95% confidence level on the realization date and a 10-dayholding period. Toyota changed the model used for calculation of value-at-risk from variance/covariance method to Monte Carlo Simulation method for more effectively to the risk management purposes. By using this value-at-risk analysis (VAR), the company able to manage their global risk effectively. For instance, the VAR of the combined foreign exchange position showed a loss in pre-tax earnings that was estimated to be ÂÂ ¥114.1 billion as of March 31, 2009 and ÂÂ ¥148.9 billion as of March 31, 2010. Forward Contract Forward contract is an agreement to exchange currencies of different countries at a specific future date and at a specific forward rate (Eiteman, D.K., Stonehill, A.I., Moffett, M. H., 2001). Changes in foreign exchange rate affect Toyotas revenue, gross margins, operating costs, operating income, net income and retained earnings. Toyotas use of forward exchange rate contracts and currency options is to hedge foreign exchange risk associated with trade receivables denominated primarily in U.S. dollars. Toyota also engages in foreign currency settlements with domestic counter parties. The company enters into forward contracts and purchases currency options to hedge certain portions of forecasted cash flows denominated in foreign currencies. Additionally, the Company enters into forward exchange contracts to offset the earnings impact relating to exchange rate fluctuations on certain monetary assets and liabilities. The Company enters into forward exchange contracts as hedges of net investments in international operations. This reduces foreign exchange risk and transaction costs in those settlements by handling receipts in the foreign currencies in which they are denominated. Natural Hedging Natural hedging is to manage an anticipated exposure to a particular currency by acquiring a debt denominated in that currency. Thus if a firm has a long term inflow in one currency, the firm can acquire an outflow in the form of a loan in the same currency and use the inflow to service the debt. Since Toyotas main markets are the USA and Europe, it can take out loans in Euro or dollars and use the proceeds from its operations to pay for the loan. Toyota will then not have to bother about the exchange rate fluctuation, as it will be paying the loan from proceeds generated from local operations. Toyota is also asking its British suppliers to bill them in the Euro so as to reduce the risk. This is effective in eliminating currency exposed when the exposure cash flow is relatively constant and predictable over time. Netting Netting intercompany transfers is another form of international cash management strategy that Toyota can employ. It requires a high degree of centralization. The basis of netting is that, within a closed group of related companies, total payables will always equal total receivables. Netting is useful primarily when a large number of separate foreign exchange transaction occur between subsidiaries (Eiteman, D.K., Stonehill, A.I., Moffett, M. H., 2001). Thus instead of Toyota paying monies owed to and by each subsidiary, the subsidiaries can net off each others debt and thereby not deal in the foreign exchange market. Toyota should establish an in house netting centre in order to reduce the bank transaction cost, such as spread between foreign exchange bids and ask quotations and transfer fees. The exposure that remains the net payments to payees and payees can then be hedged in the forward market if desired. The advantages of netting are reduction in foreign exchange conversion fees and funds transfer fees as commissions on foreign exchange transactions and funds transfer are drastically reduced.

Sunday, May 17, 2020

Gender Roles, Masculinity, And Society - 999 Words

It is accepted in society today that, for domestic disturbances, women are abused by their husbands and boyfriends, not the other way around. The reason for this is that men are conditioned ever since they were even babies to fit into this masculine gender role that hurts them and those who surrounding them. Many who are conditioned since birth to be masculine which can have a massive impact on them later in life to make them emotionally stunted. Media also displays the model that men cannot be abused by women often, which affects their response to the abuse of themselves because that behavior has been normalized. This will be focused on how gender roles, masculinity, and society all have their own roles when it comes to perpetuating stereotypes that deny men or those who were born male (but have transitioned or identify as something else) the aid that they need when they are victims of domestic abuse from their significant other. When considering the lack of response to the abuse o f males, you would have to start at the beginning- when they were born. There are various social expectations for people who were born as a male. The very second that parents are told the gender of their newborn baby they will then impose their own rules of gender onto the child although everyone acts differently and the idea of gender is socially constructed. Then the newborn boys are dressed in blue clothing when held in the incubator by the hospital because blue is the socially acceptedShow MoreRelatedGender Roles In Chuck Palahniuk And David Finchers Fight Club879 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s society, there is confusion regarding sex, gender, and gender roles. Sex is referring to the biological differences between males and females; whereas gender refers to the normative behaviors of males and females. Gender roles are roles defined by society for each sex. With the world changing, traditional gender roles are being defied. Males are â€Å"acting† and â€Å"dr essing† like females, and vice versa. This utter disregard to traditional gender roles has spun our society into a tizzy. In FightRead MoreTaking a Closer Look at Gender1311 Words   |  5 PagesFrom the beginning of their lives, individuals are associated with a specific gender, influencing behaviour, opportunities and expectations. The basic inequalities and disparities between men and women are generally seen as the result of the innate, essential differences between the two biological sexes. This theory presumes that each and every member of the female gender is identical, and that the same can be said for males but â€Å"not all women are the same, just like all men aren’t the same† (TarrantRead MoreGender Roles And Attitudes Of A Teacher s Practice1189 Words   |  5 PagesThe present essay attempts to demonstrate the stereotypes around gender and and it’s relation to a teacher’s practice. In order for this objective to be met, the theory of gender will be introduced, followed by the stereotypes regarding the gender ‘’roles’’. Moreover the role of culture in the creation of gender roles and how popular culture-media carry stereotypes on children will be presented. This aims to show how a teacher can combat or prevent those stereotypes through her thoughtful, carefulRead MoreEssay on Equal and Alike1158 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween masculinity and femininity is less clear. Aaron H. Devor wrote in his 1989 article, Becoming Members of Society: Learning the Social Meanings of Gender, that due to the structure of American society, â€Å"masculinity thus becomes ‘innately’ valuable and femininity serves a contrapuntal function to delineate and magnify the hierarchical dominance of masculinity† (430). 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Society has arranged roles to males and females that have led females to experience violence in society and is seen as a norm rather than a problem, because males need to show their masculinity toRead MoreThe Illusion Of Masculinity And Its Effects On Society1607 Words   |  7 PagesThe Illusion of Masculinity The gender roles for males is a social construct in which sets men in the position to certain behavioral, emotional, and social norms within a society or specific culture in which individuals have to adhere in their social environment. How does that shape ones identity and sense of self? Also, what are the repercussions to ascribing to these roles as a base model for one’s social life? In this abstract I will explore the effects for hyper masculinity in American, theRead MoreHow Gender Operates Within The Setting Of An Olivia Vacation1481 Words   |  6 PagesMinor Essay OPOL216 – Sex and Gender Matters Allysen Stewart 32579398 â€Æ' Assignment 1 – Minor Essay OPOL216 – Sex and Gender Matters This essay will critically discuss how gender operates within the setting of an Olivia Vacation (https://www.olivia.com), drawing from personal experiences from a recent trip to a Hawaiian Resort. The paper will focus on personal observations of the underlying forces involved in the reproduction and disruption of gender relations, and their resultingRead MoreReligion, Religion And Religion Essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesIn Western society, religion plays a vital role in maintaining traditionalism. For instance, growing up as a Christian, I was taught that God loves everyone and forgives us of our sins, but he also condemns homosexuality and gives the consequence for such a lifestyle. Leviticus 20:13 mentions that â€Å"If a man lies with a male as he lies with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination. They shall surely be put to death. Their blood {shall be} upon them†. Basically, I believe that the BibleRead MoreGender Is Not So Much Determined By God Nor By Biolo gy Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pagesallocated gender is not biologically processed. Instead it is a result of social modification. In this essay, one particular theme will be used in order to demonstrate that gender is not so much determined by God nor by biology. Firstly the terms ‘sex’ and ‘gender’ will be defined before the relationship between them is explored in relation to the theme chosen. Secondly evidence that shows that gender is socially constructed will be discussed. The theme that shall be investigated is masculinity. To beginRead MoreThe And Its Effect On Their Emotional Health Essay1009 Words   |  5 Pages Without the existence of manliness, the gender itself would lose its identity. The majority of twenty first century society believe that certain traits are linked biologically to male and female genders. There is however, a movement toward ending this way of thinking. A new ideology is spreading that sets out to overcome the way society sees gender. This new way of thinking challenges men and can possibly change the current precedent set on gender roles. The current mainstream belief that certain

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Inception And The Prestige Film Analysis - 1835 Words

Christopher Nolan is credited as being an illusionist in the way that he directs his films. Inception and The Prestige are two of his films that will keep you pausing and rewinding for the duration while you try to keep up with the complex story lines and mind bending conclusions. Both films share a dark and sinister vibe,putting them amongst the neo noir genre of films, and The Prestige being set in an ominous, turn of the century London, and Inception based around extracting thoughts from the depth of minds it is no wonder they follow such shadowy themes. The scene from The Prestige that I will be analysing takes place in a field in Colorado Springs, where Angier and Tesla s assistant both observe a field of illuminated light bulbs†¦show more content†¦Prior to this scene, the majority of the movie has a very dark, shadowy tone to it. The scenes where the magicians are in their 1850’s London homes/workshops or theatres were set with a very woody, dark color palate, as most homes and furniture were wooden in that time period. This is why I believe there is significance in the light bulb field scene. Angier has been made a fool of throughout his career, with Borden sabotaging his shows every chance he can. I believe that the light bulbs in this scene are used to show Angier has made a breakthrough in his quest to become the better magician, and has developed past his days of trapdoors and canaries. Leading up to this scene you won t see any light as bright as those in the field, which I believe is Nolans way of introduc ing Nikolas Tesla and his science to the film, and developing the idea that it is a significant moment in Angiers career. His use of the bright man made light and the large number of bulbs there are in the field shows the complexity of Tesla s work, and that Angier is dealing with serious science and technology. I believe that the use of a nonlinear storyline, which is done throughout Nolan s films, helps to tell the story in more depth. By jumping back and forth between time periods, it can give the viewer a deeper understanding of theShow MoreRelatedMarketing Strategies for Bmw3197 Words   |  13 Pagesand BMW Z4 M. Well I agree with the below statement which is being provided by BMW group which states that the BMW offers emotional product to the customers this could be seen or felt with their current marketing strategies also with their SWOT analysis, PLC and as well as Research and Development.We offer our customers emotional products, which through the strength of the brand and the substance of the product fulfil the customer’s wish for individualisation and differentiations†. (Reference-Read MoreEnvironmental Ethics : Good And Evil Essay1776 Words   |  8 PagesRobert Spivey Cory Shaman Environmental Film 5 October 2016 Environmental Ethics Good and evil; right and wrong. What delineation separates these nexuses? How ought we act? What is our duty to uphold justice? These are the essential questions of morality and ethics, which tether us to humanity; to each other. Before any action may be morally justified, first we must ask ourselves â€Å"why?† Before we ask ourselves what we must do for the environment, first we must ask â€Å"why do we have these dutiesRead MoreImpact of Celebrity Endorsement on Consumer Buying Behavior with Respect to Soft Drinks8005 Words   |  33 Pagesapproving nod from a famous face can translate into millions in brand sales. People love to live in dreams. They worship celebrities. 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Market Structure of UK-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Disucss about the Market Structure of UKs Retail Industry. Answer: Introduction The aim of this report is to highlight on the structure of market of the UKs retail industry. The company that is chosen for this report is J Sainsbury Plc that has been operating in UKs retail industry. This organization is the second biggest supermarket chain in this country with total share of 16.9%. This entity is split into three sectors that include- Sainsburys Bank, Sainsbury Argos and Sainsbury supermarket ltd. Market structure is defined as the degree and nature of competition for the products in the existing market. Several determinants of the market structure are- product nature, number of purchasers and sellers, economies of scale and conditions of entrance and exit. There are various kinds of market structure including- monopoly, monopolistic competition, perfect competition and oligopoly. Market Structure of UKs retail sector The retail sector of UK has oligopolistic market structure as few companies share the large proportion of this industry. The four biggest retailer of this nation are Tesco, Morrison, Sainsbury and Asda. Some vital feature of this market structure includes- interdependence of organizations in making decision, existence of price rigidity, less number of firms, production of either differentiated or similar commodities and significant hurdles to entry (Yu, Ramanathan Nath, 2014). As there is less number of retailers in this industry, the action of each retailer affects the other. In addition, the organization in this industry holds substantial market share, which results in higher degree of market concentration. Moreover, the sellers of this industry try to gather information about the target market in order to gain competitive advantage. On the contrary, the purchaser in this retail industry has imperfect knowledge about price as well as quality of commodities. Due to fierce competiti on in terms of price prevails in this UK retail industry for attaining huge market share, the nature of UK retail players are basically non-collusive. Moreover, barriers in entry of new firms help the UKs retail leaders retain market control in this industry. Some of the significant entry barriers that discourage the nascent organizations are- government licenses, strategic actions and economies of scale. As the main motive of the market leaders in this industry is to attain long run profits, high barriers in entry prevent the new organization in entering the market for attaining excess profits. Sainsbury and other market leaders in this industry produce either similar or differentiated commodities for attracting large number of buyers in the market. Moreover, if Sainsbury strategizes to lower their product price, their rivalries including Tesco, Morrison and Asda revise their price of product for retaining their customers. As a result, this strategy might adversely affect the rivalries of Sainsbury as it does not help them in increasing the demand for their commodities. This however relates to inelastic demand curve. On the other hand, if Sainsbury strategizes to increase their product price, the rivalries might not follow the leaders strategy in this oligopolistic market structure. As a result, the demand for product of these rivalry firms decreases considerably (de Chernatony, 2012 ). Furthermore, the organizations existing in UKs retail industry are mainly involved in non-price competition in order to enhance their overall sales. Non-price competition refers to the marketing strategy where one company strategizes to differentiate their commodities from their competitors based on its product features and design, quality of service, extent of product distribution etc. However, this non-price competition enhances the profitability level of Sainsbury and also helps them in expanding their business in the global market. Success Factors of Sainsbury when operating in UKs retail industry Near about 75 companies operate in UK retail industry. The players operating in this industry manufactures either differentiated or homogenous product so that they can differentiated themselves from their competitors (Rios, McConnell Brue, 2013) In addition, the retailers in this industry strategize to shift their focus to promotional activities for attaining reputation and building brand value. Therefore, the key players heavily spend on advertising and other marketing programs. The retail firms in this industry is basically concentrated as well as highly fragmented. Hence, the rivalries of Sainsbury and other key players are well positioned and established in this industry. The strategic action that this market leader strategizes to implement is to target their purchasers for perceiving the brand value and reputation in the market (Luceri Latusi, 2012). In addition, the players in this sector also analyze their competitors and existing market condition in order to attain competit ive advantage against them. The analysis of strength and weaknesses of competitors also benefits the market leaders. Additionally, competitive intelligence helps the key to know about the competitors position in this industry. This in turn helps them in planning their future action in the business activities. Sainsbury strategizes to innovate new product for establishing their position in the marketplace. The environmental regulation also influences the competitive performance of the firms (Mankiw, 2014). Additionally, reforms in tax structure also affect the financial performance of these key players in this industry. Recent statistics reflects that Tesco has been the market leader and has better position than other players have in the market. Moreover, Sainsbury has been ranked in the second place in UKs retail industry. The strategies that Sainsbury adopts for gaining competitive advantage are- brand marketing, inbound as well as outbound logistics, creation of new products, revising of products prices by focusing on its rivalries action, implementation of new software and hiring of new experts in every department (Baldwi Scott, 2013). The product that this company offers are somewhat differentiated in nature in terms of design and quality. Furthermore, adoption of new policy by the government of UK also influences this retail industry either in positive or negative way. Reforms in few policies also increase competition among the firms in this retail industry (Bauer, 2014). This in turn adversely influences the new entrants entering in this industry. Moreover, each participant that operates in this oligopolistic market such as producers, suppliers, customers and other stakeholders also plays vital role by helping the firms in achieving success and expanding their business. Out of these participants , the retailers play the major role as the helps the firms in gathering all kinds of information about the market condition, customers and other competitors (Chen Wu, 2012). This helps the retail firms in designing the good based on the preferences and requirements of customers. This in turn helps the firms in attaining trust of the customers. Besides this, they also acquire the feedback from their buyers throughout the development process of the product for ensuring that the end commodity fulfills their customers need. The customers feedback also facilitates them in guiding their business as well as in marketing decisions (Baumol Blinder, 2015) Therefore, the information about the product, market and customers buying behavior has been readily available to each participant in the industry through social media. Price determination refers to setting of price by market forces that balance demand and supply of product for optimizing output. Price of a product is determined in the mark et through demand and supply, production cost, competitors action and government regulation. Each firm in this oligopolistic market structure can attain long run economic profit because of these success factors. Conclusion The dominant players in UK retail industry discourage new entrants and also seeks to keep out their competitors out in the marketplace. In addition, fierce competition in this market structure helps the firm in improving their product and business activities. 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